Monday, January 26, 2015

The relentless Graphene and Family

Graphene is a remarkable material, it is transparent, flexible and strong, yet it can conduct electricity. Its metal-like amiability for electron flow across the two-dimensional sheet has given so much buzz that it has been cited more than any material known to man.
Graphene holds promise for high-speed transistors, and flexible, durable conductive touchscreens, biosensors, photonics, energy storage devices  and the list goes on and on. Though the hurdle of mass production still torments and offers a frontier for scientists and engineers to fight for.
Graphene was uncovered or discovered as a consequence of a discussion during brainstorming sessions in Geim's lab, when one of students was asked to get extremely thin layer of graphite.
It was a simple yet renowned, Nobel prize awarding (2004), scotch tape exfoliation method a decade ago that has now been among the most cited papers in applied sciences. Novoselov, is the youngest (beaten only by 3 years) laureate in physics since 1973, when Brian D. Josephson, (age33) for discovering a phenomenon now taught after his name "the Josephson effect".
On the day of Nobel announcement, physicist Per Delsing of the Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg, Sweden, explained that a hypothetical one-square-meter hammock made out of graphene would be strong enough to support a four-kilogram cat. The hammock itself, just one atom thick, would weigh roughly one milligram—about the same as one of the cat's whiskers.

[to be Continued]

Deep Fried Graphene Spheres Could Make Good Battery Materials




When it comes to the word frying and roasting, the feeling of tasty food comes to mind to mouth watering food that results at the end of these processes.

But a research group led by Sang-Hoon Park, a materials scientist at Yonsei University, have just published their research regarding deep frying graphene oxide, into graphene microspheres.
In past few other groups succeeded only with less bulky graphene nanospheres and microspheres using 3-D templates and techniques such as chemical vapor deposition and freeze-drying.
These Graphene microspheres synthesized by Park et al however contain graphene nanosheets radiating out from the center. The arrangement increases the exposed surface area of the graphene and creates open nanochannels that can enhance charge transfer.


Abstract Image

Aqueous graphene oxide suspension was sprayed into a high-temperature (160 °C ) nonpolar organic solvent (1-octanol) that contains a reducing agent (l-ascorbic acid). The resulting graphene microspheres have been shown to improve electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacitance and rate capability; due to their structural and pore characteristics.
These microspheres can deliver the much needed improvement in the cycling performance of Li-ion batteries. The synthesis method modified by including Si can result in hybrid Si/G microspheres structures, suitable for use in Li-ion batteries, by providing more suitable framework to buffer the considerable volume change that occurs in Si during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation.

Consequently, a Si/graphene microsphere-based electrode exhibits significantly improved cycling performance and a higher rate capability than that of a simple Si/graphene mixture-based electrode.

The group also suggests viability of process being direct, simple, and much easier to scale up towards industrial mass production.
Figure
Image taken from their work published in  http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/cm5034244 .

Three way sensing on a single graphene Biosensor

A biosensor is a device that uses a living organism or biological molecules, especially enzymes or antibodies, to detect the presence of chemicals
The face behind the three prong bio sensor
The team led by Ertugrul Cubukcu assistant professor in the departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Electrical and Systems Engineering in Penn ’s School of Engineering and Applied Science  has just invented the a biosensor in an unlikely and least expected setting that can work in three ways at once.  The graphene based biosensor can act as utilize plasmonic, mechanical resonance and field effect transistor to give results for three different stimuli.
The study has been published in the journal NanoLetters.
Cubukcu-15




Friday, January 23, 2015

Meal in a mug

Meal in a mug

It is obligatory to submit assignments and work on time. It comes without much emphasis yet it is equally important to have a nice refreshing meal and avoid starving or ending up eating trash food.
Next time you feel, you would be busy tomorrow the whole day and plan to catch some snacks, Instead just spend a minute and search this keyword. "Meal in a mug" 
You would be amazed how healthy food is such a easy to comeby. With only an oven and a cup, off course the groceries too.
I visited  the blog entry by Kelsey Damassa for "7 Easy & Yummy Meals to Make in Your Apartment". I plan to try out the yum recipes myself in near future.

3D holograms



Microsoft unveils hologram device

Hands-on with Microsoft's hologram device
Microsoft took a leap forward ahead of the long standing competitors by showcasing the first hologram device shown below.
This step has given the start of technology research for holography for near future for public and ultimate realization tech used in the movie Ironman
Microsoft unveiled HoloLens at its headquarters this week, on the same day the company touted its upcoming Windows 10 software release. What I saw of the device seems unfinished, but it shows potential.

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2015-01-hands-on-microsoft-hologram-device.html#jCp
Microsoft unveiled HoloLens at its headquarters this week, on the same day the company touted its upcoming Windows 10 software release. What I saw of the device seems unfinished, but it shows potential.

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2015-01-hands-on-microsoft-hologram-device.html#jCp

Thursday, January 22, 2015

How to Get the Most Out of Studying:

Lecture 1
Lecture 2
Lecture 3
Lecture 4
Lecture 5

How to make a Terrorist, Psychologist's perspective.

Making of  a terrorist and how to stop the making more terror(ists)

It dates back to 9/11 for the term to be widely used in all walks of life. Terror, terrorist , terrorism. some countries suffered more than others, some communities, and religions bear the stigma to the very day.
A  team led by Anthropologist Scott Atran University of Michigan and Noemie Bouhana, a criminologist at University College London, have conducted studies on why someone became a terrorist. According to one of their findings, 
One French Muslim extremist who sought to blow up an embassy traced his radicalization to a childhood incident: his sister bumped into a man on a Paris street and the man spat on the ground and called her a “dirty Arab”. “That’s when I knew what I was going to become.”
They took a sample of 260 Moroccan people in two terrorism prone communities — including five of the main plotters of the 2004 Madrid train bombings, which killed 191 people. 
Many rehabilitation centers, including ones in Saudi Arabia have shown almost 88% success rate. However it is imperative to know the causes and reasons why known terrorists became and latter abandoned their mania. It is often the case with people involved in such activities for abandoning their cause themselves without requiring help from others due to burn out, or realizing that the very reason they joined were wrong or misplaced. 
As soon as a person finds a group of likeminded people he/she can get influenced and think more actively in these lines as already concluded by the two studies (S. Atran et al. Cliodynamics 5, 41–57; 2014; S. Atran et al. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111,17702–17703; 2014). “They can be low-lifes, but once they lock into these values it doesn’t matter, because they become heroic warriors,” says Atran.Among other reasons, the recent incidents of inciting anger among muslims by cartoons of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), cruelity by criminals in a society, lack of justice when it is needed may also act as catalysts for people from different backgrounds to become terrorists.
Article is published in Nature, News http://www.nature.com/news/psychologists-seek-roots-of-terror-1.16756
Another news also on studying terrorism published in Journal Nature discusses he problems in predicting the acts of terrorism.

Tuesday, January 20, 2015

How to write consistently boring scientific literature

How to write consistently boring scientific literature

Who would read this? Really?
The title says all about the content, and no one reads a narrative of doing something boring and silly. Yet one way to avoid ending up doing boring and silly stuff is to know what is boring and silly for others. An article by Kaj Sand-Jensen published online,in Ecology & Organismal Biology on 26 NOV 2007 [download link] discusses all about it. 
The author elaborates his findings in 10 points.
  • Avoid focus

  • Avoid originality and personality

  • Write l o n g contributions

  • Remove implications and speculations

  • Leave out illustrations  particularly good ones

  • Omit necessary steps of reasoning

  • Use many abbreviations and terms

  • Suppress humor and flowery language

  • Degrade biology to statistics

  • Quote numerous papers for trivial statement

     Make sure that all written statements, even trivial ones, must be supported by one or more references

Book mentioned by Imran Khan about Lost Islamic History

Imran Khan in his tweet today mentioned reading books about Islam. I really appreciate a Pakistani PM actively quoting Islamic on internati...